Sitagliptin Phosphate & Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets Uses, Dosage, Side Effects

Introduction

GLISITAPTIN M 50/500 combines two effective antidiabetic agents — Sitagliptin Phosphate and Metformin Hydrochloride — to help manage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. This combination works by improving blood sugar control through two complementary mechanisms: increasing insulin release when blood sugar is high and reducing glucose production in the liver. It is generally prescribed when diet, exercise, and metformin alone do not provide adequate glycemic control.

What is Sitagliptin Phosphate and Metformin Hydrochloride?

• Sitagliptin Phosphate is a DPP-4 inhibitor that increases incretin hormone levels, stimulating insulin release and decreasing glucagon secretion.

• Metformin Hydrochloride is a biguanide that reduces hepatic glucose production, decreases intestinal absorption of glucose, and improves insulin sensitivity.

This dual-action therapy targets different pathways to keep blood sugar levels within the normal range throughout the day.

Pharmacological Class and Mechanism of Action

1. Sitagliptin Phosphate (DPP-4 Inhibitor)

• Inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4).

• Increases levels of incretin hormones (GLP-1 and GIP).

• Enhances insulin secretion and reduces glucagon release in a glucose-dependent manner.

2. Metformin Hydrochloride (Biguanide)

• Decreases hepatic glucose production.

• Improves peripheral glucose uptake and insulin sensitivity.

• Reduces intestinal absorption of glucose.

Result: Dual action that controls fasting and postprandial glucose levels effectively.

Uses of Sitagliptin Phosphate and Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets

• Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus management.

• Improves postprandial (after-meal) and fasting blood sugar levels.

• May reduce the risk of diabetes-related complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, and cardiovascular disease when used as part of a long-term management plan.

• Suitable for adults whose blood sugar levels are not adequately controlled with metformin alone.

Dosage and Administration

• Typical dose: One tablet of GLISITAPTIN M 50/500 twice daily with meals, or as directed by your doctor.

• Always take with food to minimize gastrointestinal side effects from metformin.

• Do not crush or chew; swallow whole with water.

• Your doctor may adjust the dosage based on blood sugar monitoring and tolerance.

Side Effects of Sitagliptin Phosphate and Metformin Hydrochloride Tablets

Common side effects:

• Nausea, diarrhea, stomach upset

• Headache

• Upper respiratory tract infections

Serious but rare side effects:

• Lactic acidosis (from metformin) – symptoms include muscle pain, fatigue, abdominal discomfort, irregular heartbeat.

• Pancreatitis (from sitagliptin) – symptoms include severe abdominal pain, vomiting.

• Hypoglycemia – more likely if combined with sulfonylureas or insulin.

Seek medical attention immediately if serious side effects occur.

Indications – When is GLISITAPTIN M 50/500 Prescribed?

• For Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in adults when:

  • Diet and exercise alone are insufficient.

  • Metformin monotherapy does not achieve desired control.

• Suitable for dual therapy or as part of a triple therapy with sulfonylureas or insulin.

• May be used in patients with cardiovascular risk who require strict glycemic control.

Therapeutic Benefits of Sitagliptin Phosphate and Metformin Hydrochloride

• Provides synergistic glucose-lowering effect.

• Low risk of hypoglycemia compared to some other oral antidiabetics.

• Weight-neutral profile, unlike certain insulin secretagogues.

• Improves HbA1c and daily blood glucose readings.

• Convenient single-tablet regimen improves patient compliance.

Precautions Before Using

• Avoid in Type 1 Diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.

• Not recommended in patients with severe kidney impairment or metabolic acidosis.

• Use with caution in patients with heart failure, liver problems, or a history of pancreatitis.

• Avoid excessive alcohol consumption to reduce the risk of lactic acidosis.

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women should only use under medical supervision.

Drug Interactions – What drugs interact with Sitagliptin Phosphate and Metformin Hydrochloride?

• Insulin or sulfonylureas – may increase the risk of hypoglycemia.

• Cimetidine – may increase metformin levels.

• Strong CYP3A4/5 inducers or inhibitors – may affect sitagliptin levels.

• Diuretics – may increase the risk of dehydration and lactic acidosis.

• Iodinated contrast agents – can impair kidney function; metformin should be temporarily discontinued before imaging procedures.

FAQs

Q1: What is GLISITAPTIN M 50/500 used for?
It is used to improve blood sugar control in adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus when diet, exercise, and metformin alone are not sufficient.

Q2: Can I take Sitagliptin Phosphate and Metformin Hydrochloride with insulin?
Yes, but this combination may increase the risk of low blood sugar. Your doctor may adjust the dose accordingly.

Q3: Is GLISITAPTIN M 50/500 safe for kidney patients?
It is not recommended for patients with severe kidney impairment. Kidney function should be assessed before starting therapy.

Q4: Does this tablet cause weight gain?
Metformin is generally weight-neutral, and sitagliptin also does not typically cause significant weight gain.

Q5: How long should I take GLISITAPTIN M 50/500?
Diabetes is a chronic condition; treatment may be long-term based on your doctor’s advice and regular monitoring.

Conclusion

GLISITAPTIN M 50/500 is a powerful combination of Sitagliptin Phosphate 50 mg and Metformin Hydrochloride 500 mg, designed to help manage Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus effectively. By targeting different mechanisms of blood sugar regulation, it helps maintain stable glucose levels, reduces the risk of complications, and supports overall health. Always use under medical supervision, follow a healthy lifestyle, and monitor blood sugar regularly for the best results.Buying GLISITAPTIN M 50/500 from Steris Healthcare Pvt Ltd ensures you get a WHO-GMP and ISO-certified medicine manufactured under strict quality standards, offered at an affordable price (around 30% less than MRP) without compromising efficacy. With a strong pan-India distribution network, easy online ordering, and home delivery, Steris makes access to essential diabetes care convenient.