Gefitinib 250 mg is a widely used targeted therapy designed to help patients with specific types of cancers, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that express mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). As cancer care in India continues to evolve toward more precise, personalized treatments, Gefitinib has emerged as an essential option for individuals diagnosed with EGFR-positive lung cancer.

This comprehensive guide explains everything about Gefitinib 250 mg, including its working mechanism, uses, benefits, dosage guidelines, side effects, precautions, safety considerations, and frequently asked questions.

This long-form article is crafted to help patients, caregivers, and healthcare providers understand this therapy clearly while supporting Steris Healthcare’s commitment to accurate and reliable medical content.

1. Introduction to Gefitinib 250 mg

Gefitinib belongs to a class of medications known as EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs). Unlike traditional chemotherapy, which affects both healthy and cancerous cells, Gefitinib works selectively by blocking the abnormal cellular signals that help cancer grow and spread.

It is most effective in patients whose tumors carry EGFR mutation-positive status. In India, a significant percentage of NSCLC patients—especially non-smokers—test positive for EGFR mutations, making Gefitinib a leading therapeutic choice.

2. What is Gefitinib 250 mg Used For?

Gefitinib 250 mg is primarily used to treat:

2.1 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)

It is prescribed for:

• Locally advanced NSCLC

• Metastatic NSCLC (Stage IV)

• EGFR mutation-positive lung cancer

• Patients intolerant to chemotherapy

• Patients who require long-term targeted therapy

2.2 Maintenance Therapy

In patients who have responded well to first-line therapy, Gefitinib helps maintain disease control.

2.3 Cancer with EGFR Exon Mutations

It shows excellent response in:

• EGFR exon 19 deletion

• EGFR exon 21 (L858R) mutation

2.4 Patients Unsuitable for Chemotherapy

Elderly patients or individuals with comorbidities often benefit from Gefitinib due to its targeted nature and comparatively better tolerance.

3. How Gefitinib 250 mg Works (Mechanism of Action)

Gefitinib blocks the tyrosine kinase activity of the EGFR receptor.

Step-by-step action:

1. Cancer cells use EGFR signals to grow rapidly.

2. Gefitinib attaches to the EGFR tyrosine kinase site.

3. It prevents phosphorylation, which stops downstream signaling.

4. This halts cancer cell multiplication.

5. Cancer cells undergo apoptosis (programmed death).

Because of this targeted mechanism, patients often experience fewer side effects compared to standard chemotherapy.

4. Benefits of Gefitinib 250 mg

4.1 Higher Response Rates in EGFR-Mutation Patients

Studies show a clinical response rate of more than 70% in mutation-positive NSCLC.

4.2 Improves Quality of Life

Patients notice:

• Reduced breathlessness

• Less coughing

• Better lung function

• Improvement in fatigue and appetite

4.3 Lower Toxicity Than Chemotherapy

Gefitinib avoids the harsh side effects typically associated with conventional treatments.

4.4 Convenience of Oral Tablet

Taken once daily, making it suitable for long-term use.

4.5 Delays Disease Progression

It helps slow tumor growth, increasing progression-free survival.

5. Dosage and How to Take Gefitinib 250 mg

Standard Dose

• 250 mg orally once daily

Food Interaction

• Can be taken with or without food.

Missed Dose

• If missed, take as soon as possible.

• Skip if it's almost time for next dose.

• Never double dose.

Duration of Treatment

• Continued as long as the patient benefits clinically and side effects remain manageable.

6. Possible Side Effects of Gefitinib 250 mg

Like all targeted therapies, Gefitinib can produce side effects. Most are manageable and improve with supportive care.

Common Side Effects

• Skin rash

• Diarrhea

• Nausea and vomiting

• Weakness

• Loss of appetite

• Dry skin

• Mouth ulcers

• Itching

• Hair thinning

Moderate Side Effects

• Elevated liver enzymes

• Eye irritation

• Nail changes

Rare but Serious Side Effects

• Interstitial lung disease (ILD)

• Severe liver injury

• Dehydration due to persistent diarrhea

Patients must immediately inform a doctor if they experience chest pain, difficulty breathing, or sudden deterioration.

7. Precautions and Warnings

7.1 Not Suitable for Everyone

Gefitinib should be used cautiously in:

• Pregnant or breastfeeding women

• Patients with liver disease

• Individuals with severe lung conditions

7.2 Drug Interactions

Avoid combining with:

• Warfarin

• Rifampicin

• Antacids

• Proton pump inhibitors

7.3 Testing Requirement

Patients must undergo:

• EGFR mutation test

• Liver function test

• Kidney function test

7.4 Avoid Smoking

Smoking reduces the effectiveness of Gefitinib.

8. Why Gefitinib is Important for Indian Cancer Patients

Lung cancer cases are rising rapidly in India, and many patients are diagnosed at advanced stages. Traditional chemotherapy is often associated with severe side effects, making daily life challenging.

Gefitinib offers relief through:

• Targeted action

• High response rate in Indian genetic profiles

• Better tolerability

• Suitability for long-term therapy

It has become one of the most prescribed drugs for EGFR-positive lung cancer patients in India.

9. Lifestyle Tips for Patients Taking Gefitinib

Diet Tips

• Eat light, nutritious meals

• Stay hydrated

• Avoid spicy foods to reduce diarrhea

• Include proteins for strength

Skin Care Tips

• Use gentle moisturizers

• Apply sunscreen regularly

• Avoid harsh soaps

General Health Tips

• Do not smoke

• Avoid alcohol

• Ensure regular medical check-ups

Conclusion

Gefitinib 250 mg is a breakthrough therapy that has transformed the management of EGFR-positive non-small cell lung cancer. Its targeted mechanism, high effectiveness, and manageable side effects make it a preferred treatment option in India.

10. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. What is Gefitinib 250 mg used for?

It is used primarily to treat EGFR mutation-positive non-small cell lung cancer.

2. Is Gefitinib chemotherapy?

No. It is a targeted therapy.

3. How long should I take Gefitinib?

As long as you continue to benefit and experience manageable side effects.

4. Does Gefitinib cause hair loss?

It may cause mild hair thinning but usually not complete hair loss.

5. Is it safe during pregnancy?

No. It should be avoided.

6. Can smokers take Gefitinib?

Smoking reduces drug effectiveness; quitting is recommended.

7. Does Gefitinib cure cancer?

It controls cancer and improves survival but does not guarantee a cure.

8. Can I take Gefitinib with food?

Yes, it can be taken with or without food.

9. When should I stop taking Gefitinib?

Only when advised by your oncologist.

10. What should I do if I get severe diarrhea or rash?

Contact your doctor immediately for supportive care.

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